What are the methods to eliminate skin pigmentation?

Skin pigmentation refers to some skin problems caused by the appearance of melanin on the skin. There are many reasons for melanin, which are generally caused by endocrine changes or endocrine disorders. The appearance of melanin will easily cause skin spots and other problems. You can do some proper skin care in your daily life, try not to use skin care products containing hormones, and massage appropriately.

Skin pigmentation

Skin pigmentation can occur due to hormonal changes that cause melanin to accumulate in the skin (for example, in Addison's disease, pregnancy, or oral contraceptives). Skin pigmentation can also occur due to the accumulation of iron and silver in the skin tissue, such as in hemochromatosis and argyria. Long-term (several years) use of hydroquinone can occasionally cause ochronosis. Sun exposure can also promote skin pigmentation.

Pigmentation classification

Pigmentation is a change in the pigmentation of human skin that causes the skin to appear in different colors, ranges and depths due to various reasons. In human skin, there are two types of pigments:

One type is pigments produced by the human body itself, such as melanin produced by melanocytes in the skin. Melanin appears in different tones due to the different depths of its location: black or brown in the epidermis, gray-blue in the shallow dermis, and cyan in the deep dermis. Other endogenous pigments include lipopigments, bile pigments, etc.

The other type is coloring caused by exogenous foreign pigments, such as carotene (carotenemia), drugs (such as atrazine which can cause yellowing of the skin), heavy metals (such as arsenic, bismuth, silver, etc. deposits), and foreign bodies, such as tattoos, mud, iron slag, coal slag, etc. deposits on the skin.

Treatment situation: The treatment of skin pigmentation should naturally start from two aspects: one is the treatment of the cause, and the other is local symptomatic treatment. The latter uses physical or chemical methods to remove local pigments. From the above analysis of the causes of pigmentation, it is not difficult to see that hereditary and tumor diseases have clear causes, are less affected by internal factors, and local treatment can often achieve satisfactory results. Common types of diseases include various types of pigmented nevi, moles, blue nevi, nevus of Ota, nevus of Iten, pigmented hairy epidermal nevus, coffee spots, freckles, age spots, etc.

Clinical symptoms of pigmentation

①. Endocrine diseases: due to excessive melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), such as Addison's disease, Cushing's disease, Nelson syndrome, ovarian tumor, malignant pheochromocytoma, and long-term ACTH treatment. Darkening of the skin is also more common during pregnancy, use of estrogen, and use of estrogen-containing contraceptives.

②. Metabolic diseases: such as hemochromatosis, various types of porphyria with photosensitive dermatitis, hepatolenticular degeneration, cutaneous amyloidosis, Gaucher's disease and other symptoms of melanin deposition.

③. Nutritional diseases: Melaninization can cause vitamin A deficiency, vitamin B12, vitamin C, folic acid, niacin deficiency, malabsorption syndrome, etc.