A black spot suddenly appeared on my face

When dark spots suddenly appear on the face, no matter who it appears on, it will make people feel panic. If black spots suddenly appear, the first thing to consider is whether the skin is stimulated by some external factors, or if it is an allergy. At this time, you should seek medical attention in time and do not use medication indiscriminately.

How many types of spots are there on the face

freckle

Cause of formation: Freckles have a certain genetic tendency and are an autosomal dominant hereditary skin disease. They are affected by estrogen and are more common in women, usually appearing after the age of 5. Sun exposure can also induce and aggravate freckles.

Characteristics description: Light brown or brown spots, mostly appearing on the wings of the nose and cheeks, distributed in dot-like shapes and isolated from each other, with a diameter not exceeding 0.5 cm. It is generally darker in the summer, but appears less and lighter in the winter.

Prevention advice: Due to the genetic tendency of freckles, it is basically impossible to prevent and eliminate them. However, don't give up on managing freckles. When going out, pay attention to isolation and sun protection to prevent freckles from getting worse.

sunburn

Cause of formation: Long-term stimulation of the skin by ultraviolet rays can activate tyrosinase in melanocytes, which produces a series of reactions with tyrosinase in the blood, generating a substance called "DOPA", which is then converted into melanin, thus producing sun spots.

Characteristics: The colors vary in depth and the shapes and sizes are irregular. Some may be larger than 1 cm. They mostly appear on the cheeks and areas that are frequently exposed to the sun.

Prevention suggestions: Take part in outdoor exercise regularly to enhance the skin's tolerance to the sun; try to avoid outdoor activities or reduce activity time when sunlight is strongest between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m.; avoid sunlight exposure, apply sunscreen and use a parasol when going out.

chloasma

Cause of formation: Chloasma, also known as butterfly spots, pregnancy spots, and liver spots, is an acquired localized pigmentation disease. Local case changes, pregnancy, endocrine disorders, liver qi stagnation, kidney water deficiency, and increased oxygen free radicals and lipid peroxides can all cause chloasma.

Characteristics: The patches vary in size, with clear borders and irregular shapes, and do not protrude above the skin. They are commonly seen on the face, symmetrical on the cheeks, and may also affect the periorbital area, forehead, upper lip and nose. The lesions are yellow-brown or dark brown patches, with no subjective symptoms or systemic discomfort.

Prevention suggestions: Chloasma is mainly a manifestation of problems inside the body. Therefore, to prevent chloasma, you must maintain good health, eat nutritiously, maintain a regular schedule, and do a good job of internal and external care.