What is the reason for acne on the face? Let me tell you what's going on

Acne is what we call acne. Acne on the face will make us lack confidence. Common causes of acne include excessive sebum secretion on the face and mental factors can also cause acne. It can be treated with medication and you should eat more foods rich in vitamin A.

1. Acne is a multifactorial disease , which is mainly related to increased sebum production, hyperkeratosis of the epithelium at the opening of hair follicles and proliferation of Propionibacterium acnes in hair follicles. There are also certain genetic factors. The development and production of sebaceous glands are controlled by androgens, and the increase of androgens is affected by age, endocrine, genetic and other factors. The sebaceous glands of acne patients are larger and secrete more products than normal people. Due to the increased secretion of sebaceous glands, the level of linoleic acid in sebum is relatively reduced (the two are negatively correlated), which affects the synthesis of fat and causes a lack of fatty acids in the follicular epithelium, thereby inducing excessive keratinization of the follicles, preventing epithelial cells from falling off normally, causing the hair follicle opening to become excessively smaller, and sebum cannot be discharged smoothly, accumulating at the hair follicle opening and forming acne.

2. The hair follicles are normally inhabited by Propionibacterium acnes (PA) , Pityrosporum and Staphylococcus epidermidis. When the free fatty acids increase, Propionibacterium acnes cannot produce enough enzymes to decompose sebum, and the stagnant fatty acids cause nonspecific inflammatory reactions around the hair follicles. Propionibacterium acnes can also secrete low-molecular-weight peptides, which attract neutrophils into the hair follicles, causing the release of their hydrolases, which causes the hair follicle epithelium to leak and rupture, resulting in the contents of the hair follicles entering the surrounding dermal tissue, causing a series of clinical manifestations ranging from simple inflammation to papules, abscesses, nodules, and cysts.

3. The level of 5α-reductase in the skin of acne patients is higher than that of normal people. 5α-reductase can cause increased sebum. Women with severe acne, sudden onset of acne, irregular menstruation, and elevated androgen levels may have underlying ovarian dysfunction. At the same time, excessive androgen can also cause excessive hair growth, a hoarse voice, increased sexual desire, and men may experience hair loss, acanthosis nigricans, etc.

4. Mental stress can increase the secretion of the adrenal cortex. Many acne patients may be aggravated by mental factors.

5. In addition to the above reasons, diet can also affect acne. For example, fat, sugar, spicy food, cocoa, cheese, peanuts, etc. can increase sebum production and aggravate inflammation.